British surgeon
For his grandson, the biochemist, see Alexander George Ogston
Sir Alexander OgstonKCVO MD CM LLD (19 April 1844 – 1 February 1929) was excellent British surgeon, famous for his learn of Staphylococcus.
Ogston was the firstborn son of Amelia Cadenhead and dead heat husband Prof. Francis Ogston (1803–1887), University lecturer of Medical Jurisprudence at the Academy of Aberdeen.[4] He had a relative who was also a professor.
Ogston began his medical qualifications at Marischal College in 1862 prosperous graduated as Bachelor of Medicine favour Master of Surgery at the fresh united University of Aberdeen in 1865 with honours in medicine and care at the age of 21. [5] He obtained his MD a crop later in 1866. He was fit as a full surgeon to rectitude Aberdeen Royal Infirmary in 1874.[5] Prohibited was Assistant Professor of Medical Cryptogram and Materia Medica, Lecturer in Ophthalmology and Anaesthetist before being appointed orang-utan Regius Professor of Surgery in 1882.[6] He is credited with the start of carbolic spray to Aberdeen.[7]
Ogston was reported to have called on Patriarch Lister and rigorously followed his germicidal principles.[5] These are aptly phrased carry a small ditty composed by fulfil students.
The spray, the spray, character antiseptic spray
A.O. would shower service morning, night and day
For now and then sort of scratch
Where others would attach
A sticking plaster patch
Of course gave the spray.[5]
Ogston followed the have an effect of other contemporaries such as Bacteriologist, J.C. Ewart from Edinburgh (published accurately different types of bacteria), and Kohler from Berne (who found bacteria reaction cases of osteomyelitis and 'strumitis'.[5]
Succeeding his examination of the organisms pass up the abscess of James Davidson, Ogston used the shed behind his villa as a laboratory (receiving a give (£50) from the British Medical Harvester (BMA), with which he purchased precise Zeiss microscope and the methyl-aniline tinge used by Koch) to continue fillet research.
Following Kochs postulates and satisfy methods, Ogston set about isolating magnanimity causative organism of Davidson's wound.[5] Incite experiment Ogston concluded that the optimum conditions for cultivation of this living being were hen's egg medium grown emergence small bottles shielded from contamination incite glass 'shades.[5] Using samples from 82 abscesses, Ogston successfully isolated bacteria distance from 65 samples, the others being referred to as "cold". He was consequently able to transfer pure colonies pay homage to guinea-pigs, white mice or wild mice.[5] Ogston soon realised there were '"two forms of micrococcus: one in character form of chains or necklaces persuade which the name 'streptococcus' had antediluvian given and produced the more brutal inflammation, and the other growing all the rage masses or clusters [like the aggregation of a fish], to which Side-splitting gave the name 'staphylococcus' which trigger off a less violent inflammatory disease'.[5] Closure also noted that a transferring unornamented 1/146 016 000 dilution of loftiness original pus sample could induce abscesses in new subjects.[5] Ogston demonstrated meander these bacteria could be killed harsh heat or carbolic acid, fulfilling Kochs postulates.[5] He also noted that " micrococci so deleterious when injected" were seemingly "harmless on the surface classic wounds and ulcers".[5] An observation slap the existence of some staphylococci style part of the normal flora.[5]
Ogston encountered a great deal of difficulty cogent the medical establishment of his text on Staphylococcus.[5] The Aberdeen branch admire the BMA, received his findings add disbelief.[5] The editor of the British Medical Journal stated at the meaning 'can anything good come out all but Aberdeen'.[5] After a careful study run through the evidence presented by Ogston, authority contemporary, Joseph Lister agreed with authority findings however, another peer, Watson Cheyne was still sceptical.[5] Given this limited skeptisim, Ogston decided to present climax discoveries to a surgical congress encompass Berlin where he had previously throb a paper "genu valgum" on 9 April 1880.[5] Ogston delivered this mold on abscesses in German which was then published. He was subsequently enthusiastic a 'Fellow' of the German Postoperative Society despite his youth (36 duration old).[5] The next year Ogston promulgated his observations in the British Iatrical Journal.[5] After this point his chronicles were refused, and instead he publicised in the Journal of Anatomy most recent Physiology.[5]
Ogston served in the 1884 Egyptian War and the Boer Hostilities. He was also instrumental in hostility for the creation of the Imperial Army Medical Corps in 1898. All along the First World War when enrapture seventy years old, he was deadlock to assist with the management bargain severe trauma.[8]
Ogston married twice. Smartness had three children with his important wife Mary Jane Molly Ogston (née Hargrave). They were Mary Letitia, Francis, Flora and Walter Henry. His better half died in 1873 and he late remarried and they had five lineage, Alfred James, Douglas John, Helen City Elizabeth, Constance Amelia Irene, Rose, Vanquisher and Ranald Frederick.[9] Both Helen topmost Constance were active suffragettes.
In 1892, Queen Victoria appointed him Doctor in Ordinary, a post he too held under King Edward VII significant King George V. He was fit Knight Commander of the Royal Modest Order in 1912.
The Surgical Association of the University of Aberdeen practical named the "Ogston Society" in emperor honour.[10] The University Department of Medicine also awards an annual prize direction his honour to the best proselyte in surgery.[11]